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A proposal for Catalan SAMPA
Grup de Fonètica
Departament de Filologia Espanyola, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
| SAMPA Symbol | Description | Word | Transcription |
| Phonemes | |||
| Consonants | |||
| Plosives | |||
| p | voiceless bilabial stop | pala | "pal@ |
| b | voiced bilabial stop | bala | "bal@ |
| t | voiceless dental stop | tela | "tEl@ |
| d | voiced dental stop | donar | du"na |
| k | voiceless velar stop | cala | "kal@ |
| g | voiced velar stop | gala | "gal@ |
| Fricatives | |||
| f | voiceless labiodental fricative | fals | "fals |
| s | voiceless alveolar fricative | sala | "sal@ |
| z | voiced alveolar fricative | des de | "dezD@ |
| S | voiceless palatal fricative | caixa | "kaS@ |
| Z | voiced palatal fricative | màgic | "maZik |
| Nasals | |||
| m | voiced bilabial nasal | mena | "mEn@ |
| n | voiced alveolar nasal | nena | "nEn@ |
| J | voiced palatal nasal | any | "aJ |
| Liquids | |||
| l | voiced alveolar lateral | líquid | "likit |
| L | voiced palatal lateral | llamp | "Lam |
| rr | voiced alveolar trill | carro | "karru |
| r | voiced alveolar flap | cara | "kar@ |
| Semivowels | |||
| j | voiced palatal approximant | iaia | "jaj@ |
| w | voiced labiovelar approximant | veuen | "bEw@n |
| Vowels | |||
| i | close front unrounded | ric | "rik |
| e | close-mid front unrounded | cec | "sek |
| E | open-mid front unrounded | sec | "sEk |
| a | open central unrounded | sac | "sak |
| O | open-mid back rounded | soc | "sOk |
| o | Close-mid back rounded | sóc | "sok |
| u | close back rounded | suc | "suk |
| Allophones | |||
| Affricates | |||
| ts | voiceless alveolar affricate | tots | "tots |
| dz | voiced alveolar affricate | dotze | "dodz@ |
| tS | voiceless palatal affricate | cotxe | "kotS@ |
| dZ | voiced palatal affricate | metge | "medZ@ |
| Fricatives | |||
| B | voiced bilabial fricative | acaba | @"kaB@ |
| D | voiced dental fricative | cada | "kaD@ |
| G | voiced velar fricative | amagar | @m@"Ga |
| v | voiced labiodental fricative | afgà | @v"Ga |
| Nasals | |||
| F | voiced labiodental nasal | àmfora | "aFfur@ |
| N | voiced velar nasal | fang | "faN |
| Vowels | |||
| @ | central (schwa) unrounded | amor | @"mor |
The phonemic nature of /j/ and /w/ is supported by Badia (1988), Carbonell & Llisterri (1992) Recasens (1993), Wheeler (1997); however, Alarcos (1983) argues for their non phonemic character.
Carbonell & Llisterri (1992) include /tS/ and /dZ/ in the phonemic inventory. Affricates are not considered phonemic in Catalan by Alarcos (1983) Recasens (1993), Wheeler (1997). On the other hand, Badia (1988) supports the phonemic status of /dz/, /tS/ and /dZ/ but considers /ts/ to be a bi-phonematic combination.
Although some mininal pairs can be found contrasting /n/ and [N] in final-word position, the allophonic nature of [N] is usually accepted (Badia, 1988, among others).
[v] is phonemic in certain geographic variants, but it is considered a result of a voicing assimilation in Standard Catalan (Carbonell & Llisterri, 1992; Recasens, 1993).
The symbol [M] has been used in several projects for the transcription of the labiodental nasal; [F] is used here taking into account the X-SAMPA extended proposal.
Badia i Margarit, A. M. (1998). Sons i fonemes de la llengua catalana. Barcelona: Publicacions de la Universitat de Barcelona.
Bonet, E., & Lloret, M. R. (1998). Fonologia catalana. Barcelona: Ariel.
Carbonell, J. F., & Llisterri, J. (1992). Catalan. Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 22(1-2), 53-56. Retrieved from http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Carbonell_Llisterri_92_Catalan_IPA.pdf
Carbonell, J. F., & Llisterri, J. (1999). Catalan. In Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. (pp. 61-5). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1992) Retrieved from http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Carbonell_Llisterri_99_Catalan_IPA.pdf
Recasens, D. (1993). Fonètica i fonologia. Barcelona: Enciclopèdia Catalana.
Wheeler, M. W. (1977). Els fonemes catalans. Alguns problemes. Els Marges, 9, 7-22.
Wells, J. (2005). SAMPA computer readable phonetic alphabet [Web page]. London: Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London. Retrieved from http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/sampa/index.html
Wells, J. (2000). Computer-coding the IPA: A proposed extension of SAMPA [Web page]. London: Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London. Retrieved from http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/sampa/x-sampa.htm
For the transcription of Catalan with the International Phonetic Alphabet see:
Institut d'Estudis Catalans. (1999). Aplicació al català dels principis de transcripció de l'Associació Fonètica Internacional [Edició a cura de Joaquim Rafel]. Barcelona: Institut d'Estudis Catalans. Retrieved from http://publicacions.iec.cat/repository/pdf/00000042%5C00000071.pdf
A proposal for Catalan SAMPA
Joaquim Llisterri, Departament de Filologia Espanyola, Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona
http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/language_resources/SAMPA_Catalan.html
Last updated: 25/12/12 11:35
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